Belting and process of making the same.



Ji S. YOUNG.

BELTING AND PRQCESS OF MAKING THE SAME.

' APPLICATION FILED APR. 13, 1914.

Lm@ l Patented Aug. 3, 1915.

marian spaans iespana onirica.

JESSE S. YOUNG, 0F CHICAGO, ILL'IES.

BELTING AND PROCESS 0F MAKING THE SAME.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patentes nag. e, isis.

Application lerl April 13, 1914. Serial No. 831,626.

To all 'whom it may concern: :Be it known that Jnssn S. YOUNG, a citizen of the United States, and a'resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and' State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and ImprovedBelting and Process of Making the Same, of which the following tures which are subjected vto great tensionin service.

rlhe principal objects of my present invention are the provision of an improved article of the nature referred to characterized by a maximum oftensile strength andV a minimum of tendency toward elongation in service; the provision in an article'of the class referred to of a power transmission element wherein such tendency toward elongation has been largely removed or overcome before the article is put into service; the provision of an element of the character referred to which has been prestretched to a point approaching and preferably approximating its limit Afof elasticity, and then so treated as to set or fix it and prevent it from retracting and resuming its initial state of rest; the provision of means for preventing suchv resumption; the provision of means acting on the stretched element causing it, either mechanically or chemically, or both, to remain fixed or set in such elongated condition; the provision of an improved filler vfor this purpose; and generally to improve belting and like structures and processes of'making the same, together with such further objects as may hereinafter appear.

As is well known to those who are skilled in the art, one of the greatest of desiderata is the provision of belting, either canvas, leather faced, or composite, which will not stretch in service, since such stretching involves, on the one hand either loss of power, or loss of time in making adjustments, or

on the other hand either considerable waftchfulness or extensive repairs.

In eliminating the tendency toward stretching in service, I employ a suitable fibrous tension element, such as a canvas belt, facing it, when desired, on one or both surfaces, as conditions of service may render expedient, withy a suitable traction element suoli as leather. The first mentioned or tension element, which for pur-v poses of illustration be considered as having any desired length, an initial width of 24 and 'a' limit of elasticity not much in excess of 15% of its length, is put under tension until it is elongated about 13%, at

which time it will be found decreased in width to about23l orapproximately 4%. Tension sufficient to give this lamount of elongation is within my experience materially in excess of any possibleA strain which such tension element would meet in the practical conditions of service. While the element is still taut under tension, it is treated in such a manner as to fix or set it under such tension and prevent it from retracting and resuming its initial state when such tension is released, a preferable treatment for such purpose being the application of a iiuid which will'act as well chemically to fix or set the fibers in their present rela.

tion and mechanically as a `filler to close the interstices between them, and, when textile fabric is employed, to ll the interstitial openings between the several warp and woof members. lThe fibrous element is then dried in a` suitable manner, and when desired one or more suitable traction surfaces are cemented thereto.

In practice I find that when a filler is employed for retaining the belt in its prestretched condition, the prime requisite (of the filler) is that it have a good body and great permeability;V a secondary factor is that it have strong sticking qualities, and desirable subsidiary features are great flexibility and quickdrying characteristics. A suitable .filler composition for my present purposes is a compound of gelatin, isinglass, linseed oil, and gum mastic, proportioned according to the qualities of the articles. do not limit myself to these particular named products, nor, the less, (since they are organic and dier at times in quality), to any vico precise percentages thereof. By thus treating a. canvas belt, l find, in practice, that am able to produce a belting which for all practical purposes is stretchless, that is, which will break in service before stretching materially; and furthermore one which,l

when faced with leather, which may be cemented thereto, is non-sagging and will at.

all times maintain secureengagement with theleather facing, such facing having no tendency to tear away therefrom, or to crack or break as is the common experience with leather faced belts having a canvas foundation. The leather facing shouldpreferably facing could `withstand and consequently the `leather facing thereof, when such is used,

would never receive in service any strain which it couldnot readily withstand.

In attaining the objects to which l have above referred, and gaining certain additional advantages to be below pointed out, l have provided a beltingand an apparatus for making the same, which is illustrated somewhat diagrammatically in the accompanying drawing, wherein- Figure 1 is a side elevational view of an apparatus for putting a strip of fibrous material under tension in order to stretch thev same; Fig. 2 is a plan view of a part of the strip of material shown in elevation in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is an edge view taken longitudinally of the strip of material of Fig. 2 after the same has been stretched; Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view thereof taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a longitudinaledge View of the strip of stretched material after having a coat of cement applied to each of the bearing surfaces thereof preparatory to the application of traction surfaces such as sheets of leather; Fig. 6 is a longitudinal view of the edge of the structure after the leather sheets have been applied thereto; and Fig. 7 is'an enlarged sectional view of the completed structure, the same being taken on the line 7-7 of Fig. 6.

Referring now more particularly to Fig. 1

' of the drawing it will be observedA that l have here shown for purposes of illustration an apparatus comprising oppositely dispbsed framemembers 10 (one not shown) at one end of each of which is provided a split journal bearing composed of parts 11-12 for revolubly supporting a shaft 13 on whichv a drum 14 is mounted, the opposite end of the frame 1Q being provided with clamp ramasse y members 15-16 which may be secured together in anyy suitable manner, such as by bolts 17. rlhe drum 14 is cut away as indicated at 18 for the reception of one end 19 of the strip of fabric 20, a clamping member 21 secured to the drum 14 by means of bolts 22 serves to secure such end 19 of the strip 20in position on the drum, another part of the'strip being securedby the clamping device, including the members 15, 16 and 17. For theY purpose of revolving the drum in the directionindicated by the arrow, and thereby stretching the fabric 20, suitable means such as a crank handle 23 mounted on the2 shaft 13 may be employed.

Referring now more particularly to Figs. 2 to 4, it will be observed that on carrying out the extension ofthe sheet of fabric 20 by means of suitable apparatus, such as is above indicated, the fabric may be stretched' and elongated from its. condition illustrated in full lines in Fig. 2 to the position indicated in dotted lines in such gure, which'is purely diagrammatic and for-the purposes of illustration. The-stretching ofthe fabric just revferredto, in case of a piece of textile fabricV such as canvas, will serve to straighten the longitudinal or warp threads 24 from their vcurved condition shown in Fig. 1' to their straight condition shown in Fig. 3, and at the same time however increase the curve in the woof threads, thus not only elongating .the fabric, but also narrowing. it from its form shown in full lines in Fig. 2te its form shownin Fig. 4. At this stage of the belt making process l subjectthe fabric to suitable liXing or setting treatment such as the application of the interstitial filler which-is above referred to, and Vwhich serves tol retain ,the fabric in stretched condition, .and when such filler has dried I apply, when and if desired, to either of the surfaces'26 or 27 or bothl thereof, suitable coats of cement as indicated at a andv for the attachment of traction surfaces, such as sheets ofleather 28 and 29.

@n viewing Fig. 7 the parallelism of the several warp threads 24, and likewise the eXtreme curvature of the woof threads`25` will be clear, and the filling in of the interstices by the use of the filler 30 and the cement above referred to will also be apparent. Having thus described my invention and illustrated its use, what l claim asnew and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

' 1. A belting comprising a fibrous tension element stretched to a point approaching its limit of elasticity and fixed in such stretched condition, and a traction surface ,element of relatively less stretched leather. secured thereto. y I

2. A belting comprising a brous tension..

element stretched to a point approaching its limit of elasticity and provided with a filler to retain it in such stretched condition, and

lio

a traction surface element oi relatively less stretched leather secured thereto.

3. A belting comprising a tensioned fibrous transmission element,A means for fixing said element in such stretched position and a relatively less-tensioned traction surface secured thereto. v

Il. The process of'making belting and the like which consists in pre-stretching' a' fibrous transmission element and :fixing or setting it in such stretched condition by a composition of gelatin and ,isinglass and then applying .a traction surfaceelement I thereto.

5. The process of making belting and the 4like which consists in pre-stretching 'a fibrous transmission element, treating it with an interstitial filler to retain it in such stretched condition, and then securing a traction surface of leather thereto.

, 6. A belting comprising an inner element stretched to a point approaching `its limit of elasticity, means for ixing said element in such stretched position andouterelemen't's the belt can be readily flexed without eX-l stretched to a relatively less extent whereby ceeding the limit of'elasticity of any of its component parts.

7 The process of making belting and the like which consists in stretching the belting and then impregnating the belting `with an interstitial filler and then applying a traction surface element to the stretched and filled belting. v 8. The process of making belting or the like which consists in stretching the belt-` ing and then impregnating the belting with an interstitial filler, and then applying a stretched traction surface element to said stretched and illed belting.

9. In belting, a stretched Woven fabric having incorporated therein a gelatinous f iller for preventing the fabric from return-y 'stretched condition,

to its elastic limit, .a tractionsnrface -elethe elongation required to ybring it to its (elastic limit attached to Isaid fibrous transmission e lement, and means for fixing said adhesive and linseed o'il whereby it is re- 'ti'ained from retracting materially toward rits initial state and whereby the gelatinous matter is ,rendered flexible to permit the beltingto turn readily over a small'pulley.

l2. A belting comprising a fibrous transQ mission element elongatedvtowithin 2013erV cent. of the elongation required to bring it ment elongated less. than `50 per `cent. of

transmission element insu'ehelongated con# dition.

T13. The process of making belting or the like which consists in pre-stretching a brous vtransmission element, impregnating it with a gelatinous composition to retain it in such drying the treated fibrous element and then cementing a trac- Ition surface element thereto.

In testimony whereof vI have hereunto signed my name in the presence of the two subscribed witnesses. l y

- y ESSE -S Y OUNG.

Witnesses: A

PAUL CARPENTER, 

